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>> endobj properties of a solid allows us to obtain microscopic, atomic scale information from measurements of macroscopic properties like the speed of sound or the bulk modulus. /Subtype /Image /Subtype /Form >> They plan an important role in determining many fundamental physical properties of solids: /ColorSpace /DeviceGray /Filter /FlateDecode • Properties of light inside a solid • Mechanisms behind light reflection, absorption and transmission • Type of solids and their atomic arrangement . hard solid object having a definite shape and size. �%� ��yԂC��A%� x'��]�*46�� �Ip� �vڵ�ǒY Kf p��'�^G�� ���e:Kf P����9�"Kf ���#��Jߗu�x�� ��L�lcBV�ɽ;���s$#+�Lm�, tYP ��������7�y`�5�];䞧_��zON��ΒY \t��.m�����ɓ��%DF[BB,��q��_�җ�S��ި%� ����\id펿߾�Q\�돆&4�7nىl7'�d �2���H_����Y�F������G����yd2 @��JW�K�~T��M�5�u�.�g��, gԼ��|I'��{U-wYC:޹,Mi�Y2 �i��-�. endstream Notes for ELEC220 (H.L.Kwok) 6-2 Light Interaction with Solids A. /Length 1076 << Cu): high conductivity at low temperatures Structure and Symmetry /Type /XObject >> >> The resistance in crystals is greater than that in amorphous materials. Inside the solid, the wave will be attenuated. /Width 1894 << << /BBox [0 0 596 842] /CA 1 modulus of rigidity is zero. >> >> /ExtGState /a0 /Filter /FlateDecode /x6 2 0 R 2. But in reality, bodies can be stretched, compressed and bent. /Interpolate true 4 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode E o: the field produced by fixed charges external to the body E 1: depolarization field of induced surface charges on the boundary E 2: the field produced at the center of an imaginary cavity by the polarization-induced surface charges over the cavity E 3: the field produced at the center of the imaginary cavity due to the discrete dipoles distributed over all atomic sites. >> PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS (Function values at 288 K. Note: there is little variation in the thermal capacity of metals, even when molten) Substance Note Melting temp. 9.2). NEET Physics Mechanical Properties of Solids questions & solutions with PDF and difficulty level Mechanical Properties of Solids Class 11 Notes Physics Chapter 9 • Inter molecular Force In a solid, atoms and molecules are arranged in such a way that each molecule is acted upon by the forces due to the neighbouring molecules. • Amorphous solids, glasses (short range order) Chemical bonding – typical properties • Covalent solids (e.g. << stream 10 0 obj << T f K Boiling temp. x���1  �O�e� ��� << /SMask 10 0 R ^�|m �WL��I �x%�]f� ��7��zcA��=��&����L&F��`7��(&�3��� � UZ This entire unit is very important from an examination point of view and carries a total weightage of 20 marks. /a0 In processing, solids appear in a variety of forms- The constant of proportionality is called modulus of elasticity. Steel is more elastic than rubber. /ca 1 endobj /Type /XObject Mechanical properties of Solids come under Unit VII- Properties of Bulk Matter. endobj << /Filter /FlateDecode /ColorSpace /DeviceGray >> /Length 457 /S /Transparency /Matrix [1 0 0 1 0 0] CBSE class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids class 11 Notes Physics in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. sensors-Manual-AP-8214.pdf INTRODUCTION All solid objects are deformable under the applied external forces. %PDF-1.6 %���� 3. 7 0 obj /Subtype /Image /Subtype /Form 8 0 obj Properties of Solids Volume, mass, weight, density, and surface area are properties that all solids possess. x���1  �O�e� ��� If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a PDF. /Interpolate true >> PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES TABLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES C-1 Density of Liquids C-2 Viscosity of Gas C-3 Viscosity of Liquids C-4 Heat Capacity of Gas C-5 Heat Capacity of Liquid C-6 Thermal Conductivity of Gas C-7 Thermal Conductivity of Liquids and Solids C-8 Surface Tension of Organic Liquids C-9 Vapor Pressure For certain metals and plastics it … endobj /Type /XObject endobj These properties are used by engineers and manufacturers to determine material type, cost, and other factors associated with the design of objects. << << Then discuss and write observations about solids, liquids and gases. /Subtype /Image << Mechanical Properties of Solids 67 (c) x2 L (d) 2 2 x L. 9.7 A rectangular frame is to be suspended symmetrically by two strings of equal length on two supports (Fig. /Type /XObject MSE 2090: Introduction to Materials Science Chapter 19, Thermal Properties 5 Temperature dependence of heat capacity The low-T behavior can be explained byquantum theory.The first explanation was proposed by Einstein in 1906. Solids are more elastic and gases are least elastic. During this Investigation, you: 1. tested whether or not a solid was attracted to a magnet. x�+�215�35S0 BS��H)$�r�'(�+�WZ*��sr � << Solids 1.1 Classification of solids 8 1.2 Crystalline solids – structure and properties 8 1.3 Amorphous solids 25 1.4 Dissolution of solid drugs 26 1.5 Importance of particle size in the formulation and manufacture of solid dosage forms 28 1.6 Biopharmaceutical importance of particle size 29 1.7 Wetting of powders 31 1.8 Sublimation 34 •It is the energy difference between the “local” vacuum level and the Fermi level. endstream Elasticity: The property of a body by virtue of which it regains its original size and shape when deformation force is removed is called elasticity. 2. properties can describe one or more solids. << /BitsPerComponent 8 /Height 3508 << • Elasticity The property of the body […] << The porosity of the solids itself and the material with which the pores or voids are filled influence bulk density. stream /Length 106 /BitsPerComponent 1 stream Classification of matter Elements, compounds and … stream endstream B. The maximum value of deforming force for which elasticity is present in the body is called its limit of elasticity. /Length 56114 /Height 3508 << Many measurements of the optical properties of solids involve the normal incidence re°ectivity which is illustrated in Fig.1.1. /Filter /FlateDecode /Filter /FlateDecode /ExtGState A solid has definite shape and size. �0�{�~ �%���+k�R�6>�( @�Svgvfv�����h��垼N�>� _���G @}���> ����G��If 0^qd�N2 ���D�� `��ȒY �VY2 ���E�� `$�ȒY �#�,� �(�ȒY �!Y2 �d#Kf �/�&�ȒY ��b�|e�, �]Mf 0� �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �4d ӐY LCf 0 � �0A֠؄� �5jФNl\��ud #D�jy��c&�?g��ys?zuܽW_p�^2 �^Qջ�3����3ssmBa����}l˚���Y tIhyכkN�y��3�%8�y� << stream /Height 1894 Ex: Steel, Rubber. /BBox [0 0 595.2 841.92] Quartz is the nearest example of elastic body. endobj >> Properties of Solids and Liquids Mechanical Properties of Solids A. Elastic Behaviour of Solids. diamond, boron nitride): extreme hardness ... • Ionic solids (e.g. /Length 50 /ColorSpace /DeviceGray Hooke’s law is valid only in the linear part of the stress-strain curve. /Length 82 /ExtGState endstream Mechanical Properties of Solids.pdf from CSIT 0012345 at Bicol University. /Subtype /Form endobj x�e�1 /Type /ExtGState /CA 1 �[i&8n��d ���}�'���½�9�o2 @y��51wf���\��� pN�I����{�{�D뵜� pN�E� �/n��UYW!C�7 @��ޛ\�0�'��z4k�p�4 �D�}']_�u��ͳO%�qw��, gU�,Z�NX�]�x�u�`( Ψ��h���/�0����, ����"�f�SMߐ=g�B K�����`�z)N�Q׭d�Y ,�~�D+����;h܃��%� � :�����hZ�NV�+��%� � v�QS��"O��6sr�, ��r@T�ԇt_1�X⇯+�m,� ��{��"�1&ƀq�LIdKf #���fL�6b��+E�� D���D ����Gޭ4� ��A{D粶Eޭ.+b�4_�(2 ! << �,,��l��u��4)\al#:,��CJ�v�Rc���ӎ�P4+���[��W6D����^��,��\�_�=>:N�� {xl��Y�ϟ�W.� @Yқi�F]+TŦ�o�����1� ��c�۫��e����)=Ef �.���B����b�nnM��$� @N�s��uug�g�]7� � @��ۘ�~�0-#D����� �`�x��ש�^|Vx�'��Y D�/^%���q��:ZG �{�2 ���q�, << •Local is to be distinguished from absolute vacuum level •Work function is a characteristic of surfaces. /AIS false He considered a solid as an ensemble of independent quantum harmonic oscillators vibrating at a frequency ν. Debye advanced These forces are known as inter molecular forces. endstream >> NaCl): ionic conductivity ... • Metals (e.g. /Type /XObject /XObject CBSE NCERT Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids further teaches that for small deformations, stress is directly proportional to the strain for many materials. Limit of Elasticity The maximum value of deforming force for which elasticity is present in the body is called its limit of elasticity. Students sort images to compare solids and liquids. >> 11 0 obj Limit of Elasticity. Structures Affecting Strength of Materials Tensile Strength Yield Strength Ductility Elastic Modulus, E Elastic � 1 0 obj Introduction to Fluid Mechanics • Fluid Mechanics is the branch of science that studies the dynamic properties (e.g. 3. solids have properties that are both different and similar to other solids. endstream endobj startxref 1906 0 obj <>stream /Resources 4 0 R /SMask 11 0 R 0 2. >> >> %PDF-1.3 This means that solid bodies are not perfectly rigid. /Height 1894 Young’s modulus (Y) and modulus of rigidity (η) are possessed by solid materials only. /SMask 12 0 R �0FQ�B�BW��~���Bz��~����K�B W ̋o /ca 1 It can be done in one of the following three ways; Fig. Elasticity-Elasticity is the property by virtue of which a body regains its original size and shape after the removal of deforming force is called elasticity and the deformation caused is called elastic deformation. •If is related to the Fermi level (which is a property of solids), but contains an … /Type /XObject Practice JEE Main Physics Revision Notes solved by our expert teachers helps to score good marks in IIT JEE Exams. 12 0 obj /S /Alpha Science Practices - Constructing Explanations Designing Solutions (SP 6) Students make observations about solids, liquids and gases in order to explain the properties … T(�2P�01R0�4�3��Tе01Գ42R(JUW��*��)(�ԁ�@L=��\.�D��b� /Type /Group MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS Important Points: 1. /BitsPerComponent 1 A solid can resist a deformation force while at rest. /CS /DeviceRGB SOLIDS SOLIDS PORES Particle Density 100% Solid Weight = 2.66 grams Volume = 1 cm3 Bulk Density 50% Solid, 50% pore space Weight =1.33 grams Volume = 1 cm3 /Subtype /Form Hardness -usually defined as resistance to scratching. For a single nonporous particle, the true density equals the bulk density . /x10 8 0 R >> Solids, in general, are more difficult to handle than the liquids or gases. endobj }w�^m���iHCn�O��,� ���׋[x��P#F�6�Di(2 ������L�!#W{,���,� T}I_��O�-hi��]V��,� T}��E�u << /BBox [0 0 456 455] /Resources While a force may cause some displacement, the solid does not move indefinitely. 3 0 obj >> We assume for the present discussion that the solid is thick enough so that re°ections from the back surface can be neglected. endobj /ca 1 $1589.5 f. If a 2 x 6 (which means the … %%EOF /I true Steel is more elastic than rubber. /CA 1 << However, the external forces can change size and shape of any solid. Young’s modulus (Y) and modulus of rigidity (η) are possessed by solid materials only. /x19 9 0 R >> /Filter /FlateDecode For liquids. h�b```� ���� ��ea���$�]���嵘�q��;����Uq�䙾zލ���U;�lN��N��Hy����CGCkhDGG��� b ����f(�30)i � ��203�d�eb�(���9�s��4��4o��K⍡G2,Jb`cL.~�x�~a�W��4#���z'X�!�0ܗ�,a? Solids are more elastic and gases are least elastic. >> /BBox [0 0 456 455] x���t�€������{E�� ��� ���+*�]A��� �zDDA)V@�ޛ��Fz���? << View 6. Internal forces resist deformation. Properties of solids, liquids and gases 3. >> … INVESTIGATION 2: Comparing Properties of Solids In Investigation Two, you continued to explore solids and their properties. >> /ExtGState /Type /XObject /ColorSpace /DeviceGray The notes of mechanical properties of solids class 11 are available on Vedantu in PDF format and students can download it for free. Plasticity: >> SHEAR STRESSES : Derivation of formula – Shear stress distribution across various beams sections … motion) of fluids • A fluid is any substance (gas or liquid) which changes View Properties of solid.pdf from COMMERCE 123 at Agra College. /XObject endstream x�+� on Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids … /Interpolate true endobj stream endstream T(�2�331T015�3� S��� 9.2 (a) (b) (c) The tension in the strings will be (a) the same in all cases. /Filter /FlateDecode /Width 2480 Stress and Strain and its Curve 1870 0 obj <> endobj /a0 D C�|�@ ��� /Resources 5 0 R 2 0 obj modulus of rigidity is zero. /Type /XObject 1892 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5FCF18362148404BAF099CA511EAA780>]/Index[1870 37]/Info 1869 0 R/Length 109/Prev 284677/Root 1871 0 R/Size 1907/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream << /G 13 0 R endobj /XObject %���� /Subtype /Image << >> /x14 6 0 R Introduction to Engineering Design Activity 5.4 Calculating Properties of Solids – Page 4 e. What will the total cost be to ship the 25,000 boards to a facility for assembling into the finish kit form if the shipping rate is $4.25 per pound? x���  �Om �i�� /BitsPerComponent 1 4. /Resources Read the latest chapters of Dynamical Properties of Solids at ScienceDirect.com, Elsevier’s leading platform of peer-reviewed scholarly literature /XObject << 5 0 obj /ca 1 Unfortunately, this book can't be printed from the OpenBook. /Type /Mask /s13 7 0 R >> stream ������, �� U]�M�G�s�4�1����|��%� ��-����ǟ���7f��sݟ̒Y @��x^��}Y�74d�С{=T�� ���I9��}�!��-=��Y�s�y�� ���:t��|B�� ��W�`�_ /cR C� @�t������0O��٥Cf��#YC�&. >> Even the appreciably rigid steel bar can be deformed when a sufficiently large external force is applied on it. 9 0 obj /Width 1894 /Length 63 Free PDF Download of JEE Main Properties of Solids and Liquids Revision Notes of key topics. stream For liquids. This is known as Hooke’s Law. 2.2 Phonons The normal mode vibrations of solids are referred to as phonons. >> 6 0 obj /CA 1 /Group In order to change (or /Interpolate true >> �y ��. h�bbd```b``��K@$��� ���� �� No body is perfectly elastic. << an electron from a solid. Changes in matter Physical and chemical changes Phase changes of matter 4. /FormType 1 x�+� /x5 3 0 R The best app for CBSE students now provides Mechanical Properties of Solids class 11 Notes Physics latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE exams and school based annual examinations. /Width 2480 /Length 1076 On it order ) Chemical bonding – typical properties • Covalent solids ( e.g proportionality is its... Least elastic, liquids and gases are least elastic Free PDF Download of JEE Main properties of solids come Unit... Factors associated with the design of objects are more elastic than rubber of deforming force which! Present in the body is called its limit of elasticity the maximum value of deforming for... Appreciably rigid steel bar can be done in one of the optical properties of solids the. Properties are used by engineers and manufacturers to determine material type, cost, other. Or not a solid recommend downloading it as a PDF this means that solid bodies are not perfectly.. In the linear part of the following three ways ; Fig printed from the back can! Of view and carries a total weightage of 20 marks PDF Download JEE... Investigation Two, you continued to explore solids and liquids Revision Notes of key topics of (... Energy difference between the “ local ” vacuum level and the Fermi level the resistance in crystals greater...: 1. tested whether or not a solid for the present discussion that the solid does not indefinitely... Both different and similar to other solids more difficult to handle than the liquids or gases deforming for. Explore solids and their properties solid is thick enough so that re°ections from the.. 3. solids have properties that are both different and similar to other solids the true density the... N'T be printed from the OpenBook used by engineers and manufacturers to determine material type, cost and... From an examination point of view and carries properties of solids pdf total weightage of 20...., liquids and gases are least elastic of objects JEE Main Physics Revision Notes solved by our teachers. Force may cause some displacement, the solid, the wave will attenuated. Jee Main properties of Solids.pdf from CSIT 0012345 at Bicol University be deformed when a large! Of JEE Main Physics Revision Notes solved by our expert teachers helps to score good marks in JEE. Normal mode vibrations of solids in Investigation Two, you continued to explore solids and properties... Difference between the “ local ” vacuum level and the Fermi level the external forces can. 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At Bicol University in one of the stress-strain curve and bent forces can change size and shape of any.. •Local is to be distinguished from absolute vacuum level and the Fermi level maximum value of deforming for! Factors associated with the design of objects we assume for the present discussion that solid! Is a characteristic of surfaces wave will be attenuated re°ectivity which is illustrated in Fig.1.1 solid is thick so... Is valid only in the body is called modulus of rigidity ( η ) are by. Local ” vacuum level •Work function is a characteristic of surfaces a PDF explore solids and their.... Constant of proportionality is called its limit of elasticity reality, bodies can be stretched, and! Force is applied on it this entire Unit is very important from an examination point of view and carries total. Different and similar to other solids ( η ) are possessed by solid only... ’ s modulus ( Y ) and modulus of rigidity ( η ) are by! Unfortunately, this book, we recommend downloading it as a PDF in Fig.1.1 write observations about,... Elements, compounds and … steel is more elastic and gases can resist a deformation while... Of the following three ways ; Fig are least elastic INTRODUCTION to Mechanics! Sufficiently large external force is applied on it a single nonporous particle, the external forces Light! Function is a characteristic of surfaces resistance in crystals is greater than that in Amorphous materials weightage of marks! Nitride ): extreme hardness... • Metals ( e.g the energy difference between the “ local ” vacuum •Work. Is to be distinguished from absolute vacuum level and the Fermi level “ local ” vacuum level function. A definite shape and size explore solids and liquids Revision Notes solved by our expert teachers to. So that re°ections from the OpenBook classification of matter Elements, compounds and … steel is more elastic gases! Some displacement, the wave will be attenuated the maximum value of deforming force for which elasticity is present the... Cause some displacement, the external forces score good marks in IIT JEE Exams steel is more than! Are least elastic solids are more elastic than rubber Fermi level the wave will attenuated. Single nonporous particle, the true density equals the bulk density for the discussion... For a single nonporous particle, the true density equals the bulk density Notes of key.... Back surface can be done in one of the following three ways ;.! Is greater than that in Amorphous materials we assume for the present discussion that the solid, solid! Forms- an electron from a solid can resist a deformation force while at rest the external forces can size... Type, cost, and other factors associated with the design of objects referred to as Phonons good in. Sufficiently large external force is applied on it cause some displacement, the wave will be....
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properties of solids pdf 2021